The African American Experience in America: A Historical Timeline from 1877 to 1914
Reconstruction Era (1865-1877)
Following the Civil War, the Reconstruction Era was a period of significant political and social change for African Americans in the United States. The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution abolished slavery, granted citizenship to African Americans, and guaranteed their right to vote. However, these gains were met with fierce resistance from white Southerners who enacted a series of Jim Crow laws designed to segregate and disenfranchise African Americans.
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Language | : | English |
File size | : | 79673 KB |
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Print length | : | 80 pages |
During Reconstruction, African Americans made significant progress in education, politics, and the economy. Thousands of schools were established for African American children, and many African Americans were elected to public office. However, the Reconstruction Era was also marked by violence and terrorism against African Americans, as white Southerners sought to maintain white supremacy.
Jim Crow Era (1877-1954)
In 1877, the federal government withdrew its troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction. This marked the beginning of the Jim Crow era, a period of legalized segregation and discrimination against African Americans. Jim Crow laws segregated African Americans from whites in all aspects of life, including schools, hospitals, transportation, and public accommodations.
The Jim Crow era was a time of great hardship for African Americans. They faced widespread discrimination in employment, housing, and education. They were also subjected to violence and lynching by white supremacists.
The Rise of Booker T. Washington
Booker T. Washington was one of the most influential African American leaders of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, a school that emphasized vocational education and self-reliance. Washington believed that African Americans should focus on economic advancement rather than political rights.
Washington's philosophy of self-help and economic empowerment was popular among many African Americans, but it was also criticized by some who felt that it did not go far enough to address the political and social inequalities faced by African Americans.
The Rise of W.E.B. Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois was another prominent African American leader of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a founder of the NAACP and a leading advocate for civil rights. Du Bois believed that African Americans should fight for their full political and social rights.
Du Bois's philosophy of civil rights was more confrontational than Washington's, and he often criticized Washington for being too willing to compromise with white supremacists. However, both men played important roles in the African American civil rights movement.
The Great Migration
The Great Migration was a period of mass migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North and West. It began in the early 20th century and continued until the 1970s. The Great Migration was driven by a number of factors, including economic opportunities, the desire to escape racial violence, and the hope for a better life.
The Great Migration had a profound impact on the African American community. It led to the growth of African American communities in cities like Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles. It also helped to spread African American culture and influence throughout the country.
The period from 1877 to 1914 was a time of great change and challenge for African Americans in America. They faced widespread discrimination and violence, but they also made significant progress in education, politics, and the economy. The leaders of this era, such as Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois, helped to lay the foundation for the civil rights movement that would come later.
4 out of 5
Language | : | English |
File size | : | 79673 KB |
Screen Reader | : | Supported |
Print length | : | 80 pages |
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4 out of 5
Language | : | English |
File size | : | 79673 KB |
Screen Reader | : | Supported |
Print length | : | 80 pages |